Military in the Civilian Domain

This is the list of Pakistani Armed Forces officers’ intrusion into the civilian arena during the General Pervez Musharraf’s tenure as Chief Executive/ President of Pakistan (1999 – 2008), including the PM Nawaz Sharif’s induction of military officers in his second tenure (1997 – 1999). It is more of a compilation of existing lists (originally published by Dawn and Daily Times newspapers in 2002-2004, and updated by The News in 2007/2008) than an original research, but effort has been made to expand the list to include much greater detail (bracketing tenures by institutions, inclusion of dates, etc). The references for this list are far too many to be listed, but can be provided upon request. The list is still not complete, and will be updated upon receiving more credible information.

Note 1: Only the top-level commanding officer has been included in the list, and not the entire department. For example, ISI organization consists of one chief (with the rank of Lt-Gen) and three subordinates (with the ranks of Maj-Gen), so only the names of the director generals have been included. Same case applies for NAB, which has one chairman, one deputy chairman, and five regional heads. The list of NAB chairmen has been included, whereas the lists for deputy chairman (always a Maj-Gen) and five regional heads (with NWFP headed by AVM, Rawalpindi by RAdm, and Sindh, Punjab and Balochistan by Maj-Gens) have been omitted. Other examples include Civil Service Academy, and four regional National Institute of Public Administrations (NIPA), all organized under National School of Public Policy (NSPP). Hence, the name of chairman/principal NSPP has been only listed.

Note 2: Shorter forms of military ranks have been used in the article. They are as follows: For 3-stars, Lt Gen = Lieutenant General, V/Adm = Vice Admiral, Air Mshl = Air Marshal, and for 2-stars, Maj Gen = Major General, R/Adm = Rear Admiral, AVM = Air Vice-Marshal. These contractions are used in British Armed Forces, but might not be prevalent in the present-day Pakistani Armed Forces.

Governors of the Provincial Provinces

• President of Azad Kashmir
• Maj Gen (R) Sardar Muhammad Anwar Khan Aug’01 – Aug’06

• Governor of the Punjab province
• Lt Gen (R) Muhammad Safdar Oct’99 – Oct’01
• Lt Gen (R) Khalid Maqbool Oct’01 – May’08

• Governor of the Sindh province
• Lt Gen (R) Moinuddin Haider Mar’97 – Jun’99
• Air Mshl (R) Azim Daudpota Oct’99 – May’00

• Governor of the NWFP province
• Lt Gen (R) Arif Bangash Nov’96 – Aug’99
• Lt Gen (R) Muhammad Shafiq Oct’99 – Aug’00
• Lt Gen (R) Syed Iftikhar Hussain Shah Aug’00 – Mar’05
• Lt Gen (R) Ali Mohammad Jan Aurakzai May’06 – Jan’08

• Governor of the Balochistan province
• Lt Gen (R) Abdul Qadir Baloch Feb’03 – Aug’03

Federal Ministers of the Government of Pakistan

• Federal Minister of Interior, Government of Pakistan
• Lt Gen (R) Moinuddin Haider Nov’99 – Nov’02
• Lt Gen (R) Hamid Nawaz Khan Nov’07 – Mar’08

• Federal Minister of Communication, Government of Pakistan
• Lt Gen (R) Syed Iftikhar Hussain Shah Mar’00 – Aug’00
• Lt Gen (R) Javed Ashraf Qazi Aug’00 – Nov’02 (also held Railways and Housing & Works portfolios for same duration)

• Federal Minister of Education, Government of Pakistan
• Lt Gen (R) Javed Ashraf Qazi Sep’04 – Nov’07

Secretaries at the Federal Level

• Secretary Defence, Government of Pakistan
• Lt Gen (R) Iftikhar Ali Khan May’97 – Oct’99
• Lt Gen (R) Nasim Rana Oct’99 – Mar’01
• Lt Gen (R) Hamid Nawaz Khan Mar’01 – May’05
• Lt Gen (R) Tariq Waseem Ghazi May’05 – Apr’07
• Lt Gen (R) Syed Athar Ali Oct’08 – present

• Secretary Defence Production, Government of Pakistan
• Lt Gen (R) Lehrasab Khan Mar’97 – Mar’01
• Air Mshl (R) Zahid Anis Mar’01 – Feb’05
• Lt Gen (R) Ali Mohammad Jan Aurakzai Mar’05 – May’06
• Lt Gen (R) Shahid Siddiq Tirmizey May’06 – Dec’08
• Lt Gen (R) Israr Ahmed Ghumman Dec’08 – present

• Secretary/Chairman Railways, Government of Pakistan
• Lt Gen (R) Javed Ashraf Qazi 1999 – Oct’00 (also served Secretary Science and Technology during Nawaz era)
• Lt Gen (R) Saeed uz Zafar Oct’00 – ??

• Additional Secretary Defence Production Division
• Maj Gen Jamshed Ayaz Khan 1999 – 2001
• Maj Gen Rehmat Khan 2001 – 2002
• Maj Gen Ali Baz 2002 – 2005
• Maj Gen Tariq Salim Malik 2005 – present

• DG Ports and Shipping (under Ministry of Ports and Shipping)
• R/Adm Gul Zaman Malik Jan’00 – ??
• R/Adm K.B. Rind
• R/Adm (R) Syed Afzal Jan’07 – Nov’07
• V/Adm (R) Asad Qureshi Nov’07 – May’09
• R/Adm (R) Syed Afzal May’09 – present

• DG Civil Defence (under Ministery of Interior)
• Air Mshl (R) Sarfraz Arshad Toor Mar’04 – Mar’06
• AVM (R) Ayaz Mehmood Nov’06 – present

• Chief of Staff (COS) to the President of Pakistan
• Maj Gen Anis Bajwa Oct’99 – Feb’00
• Lt Gen Ghulam Ahmed Khan Feb’00 – Aug’01
• Lt Gen Hamid Javed Sep’01 – Jul’07

• Deputy Chief of Staff (COS) to the Chief Executive
  
• Maj Gen Abdul Jabbar Bhatti 2000 – Feb’01
• Maj Gen Shafaat Ullah Shah Feb’01 – Feb’02
• Maj Gen Muhammad Yousaf Feb’02 – ??
• Brig (later Maj Gen) Akhtar Iqbal 2006 – Aug’08

• Military Secretary (MS) to the President
  
• Maj Gen Nadeem Taj Feb’02 – Dec’03
• Maj Gen Shafaat Ullah Shah Dec’03 – Oct’05
• Maj Gen Shafqaat Ahmed Oct’05 – Aug’08

Heads of Governmental Institutions

• DG Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI)
• Lt Gen Nasim Rana 1995 – Oct’98
• Lt Gen Ziauddin Butt Oct’98 – Oct’99
• Lt Gen Mahmud Ahmed Oct’99 – Oct’01
• Lt Gen Ehsan ul Haq Oct’01 – Oct’04
• Lt Gen Ashfaq Parvez Kayani Oct’04 – Oct’07
• Lt Gen Nadeem Taj Oct’07 – Oct’08
• Lt Gen Ahmad Shuja Pasha Oct’08 – present

• Chairman National Accountability Bureau (NAB)
• Lt Gen Syed Mohammad Amjad Nov’99 – Aug’00
• Lt Gen Khalid Maqbool Aug’00 – Oct’01
• Lt Gen Munir Hafiez Nov’01 – Nov’05
• Lt Gen (R) Shahid Aziz Nov’05 – May’07

• Chairman National Reconstruction Bureau (NRB)
• Lt Gen (R) Syed Tanwir Hussain Naqvi Oct’99 – Oct’02

• Chairman Evacuee Trust Properties Board (ETPB)
• Lt Gen (R) Javed Nasir Jul’97 – Jul’01
• Maj Gen Inayatullah Khan Niazi Jul’01 – Sep’02
• Lt Gen (R) Muhammad Naeem Akbar Khan
• Lt Gen (R) Zulfiqar Ali Khan Jan’05 – May’08
• Maj Gen (R) Mohammad Javed May’08 – present

• Chairman Alternative Energy Development Board (AEDB)
• Air Mshl (R) Shahid Hamid Jul’03 – May’08

• Chairman Water and Power Regulatory Authority (WAPDA)
• Lt Gen Zulfiqar Ali Khan Nov’98 – Nov’03

• Chairman National Electrical and Power Regulatory Authority (NEPRA)
• Lt Gen (R) Saeed uz Zafar Sep’03 – Sep’07

• Chairman Federal Public Services Commission (FPSC)
• Lt Gen (R) Mumtaz Gul 2000 – ??
• Air Mshl (R) Shafique Haider
• Lt Gen (R) Jamshed Gulzar Mar’03 – Mar’06
• Lt Gen (R) Shahid Hamid Mar’06 – present

• DG Civil Aviation Authority (DG CAA)
• Air Mshl (R) Syed Masood Hatif 1995
• Air Mshl (R) Aliuddin Aug’00 – Nov’02
• Air Mshl (R) Salim Arshad Nov’02 – Aug’03
• Air Mshl (R) Pervaiz Akhtar Nawaz Aug’03 – Aug’06

• Chairman Karachi Port Trust (KPT)
• Cdre Mahmoodul Hasan 1966 – 1970
• Cdre Anwar Saeed 1971 – 1972
• R/Adm S.Z. Hasnain 1972 – 1976
• Cdre R.A. Mumtaz 1976 – 1978
• R/Adm M.I. Arshad 1978 – 1986
• R/Adm S.R. Hussain 1990 – 1992
• V/Adm Ahmad Tasnim 1992 – Nov’94
• R/Adm (R) Akbar Hussain Khan Nov’94 – 1996
• V/Adm (R) Khalid Mohammad Mir 1996 – Jul’01
• V/Adm (R) Ahmad Hayat Jul’01 – May’08

• Chairman Port Qasim Authority (PQA)
• Cdre Mahmoodul Hasan Jun’73 – Feb’74
• Cdre I.H. Malik Sep’74 – Jun’78
• V/Adm (R) S.M. Ahsan Jun’78 – Jun’80
• R/Adm A. Waliullah Jun’80 – Aug’88
• R/Adm Akbar Hussain Khan Aug’88 – Aug’91
• R/Adm S. Wasi Haider Nov’91 – Sep’92
• R/Adm Sikandar Viqar Naqvi Nov’01 – Nov’02
• V/Adm Taj Muhammad Khattak Nov’02 – Nov’04
• R/Adm Saleem Ahmad Meenai Nov’04 – Jan’06
• V/Adm Asad Qureshi Jan’06 – Nov’07
• R/Adm (R) Syed Afzal Nov’07 – Aug’08
• V/Adm (R) Asad Qureshi May’09 – present

• Chairman Gwadar Port Implementation Authority (GPIA)
• R/Adm Sarfaraz Khan 2002 – Mar’04
• R/Adm Ahsanul Haq Chaudhry Jun’06 – May’07
• R/Adm Ehsan Saeed May’07 – Aug’08
• R/Adm (R) Syed Afzal Aug’08 – May’09

• Chairman National Highway Authority (NHA)
• Maj Gen Tariq Javed Nov’00 – Nov’01
• Maj Gen Furrukh Javed Nov’01 – Feb’07
• Maj Gen Imtiaz Ahmed Feb’07 – Jun’08

• Chairman Pakistan Telecommunications Authority (PTA)
• Maj Gen (R) Shahzada Alam Malik Mar’02 – Jul’08

• Chairman Pakistan Postal Services
• Maj Gen (R) Agha Masood Hassan Sep’00 – Apr’06 (removed on corruption charges)

• Surveyor General, Survey of Pakistan
• Maj Gen Mehboob-ul-Muzaffar
• Maj Gen Sabihuddin Bokhari
• Maj Gen Tariq Javed Apr’02 – ??
• Maj Gen Jamil-ur-Rehman Afridi 2004 – 2007
• Maj Gen Asif Ali 2007 – present

Government Law-Enforcement Agencies

• DG Anti-Narcotics Force (ANF)
• Maj Gen Salahuddin Tirmizi 1994 – 1996
• Maj Gen Mushtaq Hussain 1996 – 1998
• Maj Gen Zafar Abbas 1998 – 2001
• Maj Gen Ghazanfar Abbas 2001 – 2002
• Maj Gen Zafar Abbas 2002 – 2003
• Maj Gen Nadeem Ahmed 2003 – Jul’05
• Maj Gen Syed Khalid Amir Jaffery Jul’05 – present

• DG Rangers (Punjab)
• Maj Gen Salim Ullah
• Maj Gen Zarrar Azim ?? – Feb’02
• Maj Gen Hussain Mehdi Feb’02 – Apr’07
• Maj Gen Haroon Aslam Apr’07 – Oct’08
• Maj Gen Muhammad Yaqub Khan Oct’08 – present

• DG Rangers (Sindh)
• Maj Gen Safdar Ali Khan (during Operation Cleanup)
• Maj Gen Imtiaz Shaheen
• Maj Gen Abdul Qadir Baloch ?? – 2000
• Maj Gen Shahid Siddiq Tirmizey 2001 – Apr’02
• Maj Gen Salahuddin Satti Apr’02 – Jan’04
• Maj Gen Javed Zia Jan’04 – Sep’07
• Maj Gen Liaquat Ali Sep’07 – present

• Inspector General Frontier Corps (IGFC, NWFP)
• Maj Gen Tajul Haq 2000 – 2003
• Maj Gen Mohammad Hamid Khan 2003 – 2004
• Maj Gen Tariq Masood 2004 – 2006
• Maj Gen Alam Khattak 2006 – Sep’08
• Maj Gen Tariq Khan Sep’08 – present

• Inspector General Frontier Corps (IGFC, Balochistan)
• Maj Gen Rifaqat Hussain ?? – Sep’01
• Maj Gen Syed Sadaqat Ali Shah Sep’01 – Oct’04
• Maj Gen Shujaat Zamir Dar Oct’04 – Mar’07
• Maj Gen Salim Nawaz Mar’07 – present

Heads of Public Sector Universities

• Rector National School of Public Policy (NSPP), Lahore (formerly Pakistan Administrative Staff College, PASC)
• Lt Gen (R) Javed Hassan Oct’04 – present

• Vice Chancellor, Punjab University (PU), Lahore
• Lt Gen (R) Arshad Mehmood Aug’99 – Sep’07

• Vice Chancellor, University of Engineering and Technology (UET), Lahore
• Lt Gen (R) Muhammad Akram Khan Aug’99 – present

• Vice Chancellor, University of Peshawar (UoP)
• Lt Gen (R) Mumtaz Gul Jan’04 – Jan’05

• Vice Chancellor, NWFP University of Engineering and Technology (NWFPUET), Peshawar
  
• AVM (R) Sardar Khan

• Rector National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Rawalpindi
• Lt Gen (R) Syed Shujaat Hussain 1992 – Sep’07
• Lt Gen Mohammad Asghar Sep’07 – present

• Rector Bahria University (BU), Karachi/Islamabad
• V/Adm (R) Masood Mazhar Biabani 2000 – Feb’03
• V/Adm (R) Fayyaz-ur-Rehman Feb’03 -2005
• V/Adm (R) Farooq Rashid 2005 – 2008
• V/Adm (R) Mohammad Haroon 2008 – present

• Vice Chancellor Air University (AU), Islamabad
• Air Mshl (R) Qazi Javed Ahmed Jan’01 – Nov’08
• Air Cdre (R) Dr Ijaz Ahmad Malik Nov’08 – present

Heads of Public Sector Corporations

• Chairman Pakistan National Shipping Corporation (PNSC)
• V/Adm Saeed Mohammad Khan
• V/Adm Mansoor-ul-Haq
• R/Adm (R) Javaid Ali ?? – Jan’97
• V/Adm (R) Abaid Ullah Khan Jan’97 – Oct’00
• V/Adm (R) S. Tauquir H. Naqvi Oct’00  – Nov’07
• V/Adm (R) Sikandar Viqar Naqvi Nov’07 – present

• Chairman Pakistan Steel Mills (PSM)
• Lt Col (R) Afzal Khan Dec’99 – Jan’04
• Lt Gen (R) Abdul Qayyum Jan’04 – Sep’06
• Maj Gen (R) Mohammad Javed Sep’06 – May’08

• MD Oil and Gas Development Corp Ltd (OGDCL)
• Maj Gen Parvez Akmal Oct’99 – Mar’03

• Chairman National Telecommunication Corporation (NTC)
• AVM Azhar Maud 2001 – Sep’03
• R/Adm Shahid Farooq Sep’03 – 2006
• Maj Gen Syed Shua-ul-Qamar 2006 (died of cardiac arrest in Nov’06)

• MD Federal Employees Benevolent Fund and Group Insurance
• Maj Gen Rahmatullah
• Maj Gen Inayatullah Khan Niazi
• AVM (R) Ateeb Siddiqui

Heads of National Weapons Factories

• MD Karachi Shipyard And Engineering Works (KS&EW)
• V/Adm Syed Iqtidar Hussain
• R/Adm Arshad Munir Ahmed Feb’00 – Feb’03
• R/Adm (R) Azhar Hussain Feb’03 – Feb’06
• V/Adm Iftikhar Ahmed Rao Feb’06 – present

• Chairman Pakistan Aeronautical Complex (PAC), Kamra
• Air Mshl Dilawar Hussain
• Air Mshl Saeed Anwar
• Air Mshl Mushaf Ali Mir Oct’00 – Nov’00
• Air Mshl Pervaiz Akhtar Nawaz Nov’00 – Jun’02
• AVM (later Air Mshl) Aurangzeb Khan Jun’02 – Apr’06
• Air Mshl Khalid Chaudhry Apr’06 – Mar’09
• Air Mshl Farhat Hussain Khan Mar’09 – present

• Chairman Pakistan Ordnance Factories (POF), Wah Cantt
• Maj Gen Mahmud Ali Durrani 1992 – Sep’98
• Maj Gen (later Lt Gen) Abdul Qayyum Sep’98 – Jan’04
• Maj Gen Muhammad Javed Jan’04 – Apr’06
• Lt Gen Syed Sabahat Hussain Apr’06 – May’09
• Lt Gen Shujaat Zamir Dar May’09 – present

• Chairman Heavy Industries, Taxila (HIT)
• Maj Gen (later Lt Gen) Hamid Javed 1996 – Sep’01
• Maj Gen (later Lt Gen) Israr Ahmed Ghumman Sep’01 – Oct’08
• Lt Gen Ayyaz Saleem Rana Oct’08 – present

Army-supported Private Sector Industries

• MD Fauji Fertilizer Company Limited (FFC)
• Maj Gen (R) Rao Farman Ali Khan May’78 – Aug’85
• Lt Gen (R) Ahmed Jamal Khan Sep’85 – Feb’92
• Lt Gen (R) Imtiaz Waraich Feb’92 – Apr’96
• Lt Gen (R) Arif Bangash Apr’96 – Dec’96
• Lt Gen (R) Khalid Latif Mughal Dec’96 – Mar’97
• Lt Gen (R) Zia Ullah Khan Mar’97 – Mar’00
• Lt Gen (R) Amjad Shuaib Mar’00 – Mar’03
• Lt Gen (R) Mahmud Ahmed Mar’03 – Mar’06
• Lt Gen (R) Munir Hafiez Mar’06 – Mar’09
• Lt Gen (R) Malik Arif Hayat Mar’09 – present

• MD Fauji Foundation
• Lt Gen (R) Imtiaz Waraich 1992 – 1996
• Lt Gen (R) Arif Bangash 1996
• Lt Gen (R) Khalid Latif Moghal Dec’96 – Jan’99
• Lt Gen (R) Mohammad Maqbool Jan’99 – Apr’02
• Lt Gen Syed Mohammad Amjad Apr’02 – Dec’05
• Lt Gen (R) Syed Arif Hassan Dec’05 – Oct’08
• Lt Gen (R) Hamid Rab Nawaz Dec’08 – present

• MD Army Welfare Trust (AWT)
• Lt Gen (R) Farrakh Khan 1994 – 1998
• Lt Gen (R) Mohammad Afsar 1998 – Sep’01
• Lt Gen (R) Masood Parwaiz Sep’01 – Dec’05
• Lt Gen (R) Zarrar Azim Dec’05 – Oct’08
• Lt Gen (R) Imtiaz Hussain Dec’08 – present

• MD Mari Gas Company Limited (MGCL)
• Lt Gen (R) Hamid Niaz ?? – 1996
• Lt Gen (R) Ghulam Muhammad Malik 1996 – ??
• Lt Gen (R) Khalid Nawaz Malik
• Lt Gen (R) Mohammad Afzal Janjua
• Lt Gen (R) Imtiaz Shaheen Feb’05 – Feb’08
• Lt Gen (R) Mushtaq Hussain Feb’08 – present

• MD Fauji Fertilizer Bin Qasim Limited (FFBL)
• Maj Gen (R) Qamar ul Zaman 2003? – Jan’05
• Lt Gen (R) Muhammad Akram Jan’05 – Apr’07
• Lt Gen (R) Anis Ahmed Abbasi Apr’07 – present

• MD Fauji Cement Company Limited (FCCL)
• Lt Gen (R) Muhammad Maqbool ?? – Mar’00
• Maj Gen (R) Sayeed Ul Hasan Zaidi Mar’00 – 2002
• Maj Gen (R) Rehmat Khan 2002 – Jul’05
• Maj Gen (R) Malik Iftikhar Khan Jul’05 – 2008
• Lt Gen (R) Javed Alam Khan 2008 – present

Ambassadors to Foreign Countries

• Ambassador to the United States
• General (R) Jehangir Karamat Nov’04 – Jun’06
• Maj Gen (R) Mahmud Ali Durrani Jun’06 – May’08

• Ambassador to Saudi Arabia
• Lt Gen (R) Asad Durrani Oct’00 – Oct’02
• Admiral (R) Abdul Aziz Mirza Oct’02 – Oct’05
• Admiral (R) Shahid Karimullah Oct’05 – present

• Ambassador to the United Arab Emirates
• Maj Gen (R) Salim Ullah
• Air Mshl (R) Syed Qaiser Hussain Sep’03 – ??

• Ambassador to Thailand
• Maj Gen (R) Hassan Aqeel ?? – Jul’03
• Lt Gen (R) Khateer Hasan Khan May’06 – present

• Ambassador to Malaysia
• Lt Gen (R) Nasim Rana Jul’01 – Jul’03
• Maj Gen (R) Talat Munir
• Maj Gen (R) Tahir Mahmud Qazi Nov’06 – present

• Ambassador to Indonesia
• Maj Gen (R) Syed Mustafa Anwar Hussain Jan’00 – ??
• Maj Gen (R) Ali Baz Aug’05 -2008

• Ambassador to Turkey
• Lt Gen (R) Humayun Khan Bangash Aug’96 – Mar’99
• Lt Gen (R) Syed Iftikhar Hussain Shah Apr’05 – Dec’08

• Ambassador to the Netherlands
• Admiral (R) Saeed Mohammad Khan ?? – Feb’00

• Ambassador to Mexico
• Lt Gen (R) Agha Jehangir Ali Khan

• Ambassador to Brazil
• Air Mshl (R) Najib Akhtar

• Ambassador to Libya
• Air Mshl (R) Farooq Qari Apr’02 – ??
• AVM (R) Iqbal Haider Aug’05 – 2008

• Ambassador to Tunisia
• V/Adm (R) Shamoon Alam Khan Aug’95 – ??
• V/Adm (R) Jawaid Iqbal ?? – Feb’00

• Ambassador to Ukraine
• V/Adm (R) Shamoon Alam Khan ?? – Aug’03
• Maj Gen (R) Tajul Haq Jul’04 – ??
• Maj Gen (R) Ghazanfar Ali Khan Jan’07 – present

• Ambassador to Lebanon
• V/Adm (R) Khalid Mohammad Mir ?? – Jul’03

• Ambassador to Bahrain
• Lt Gen (R) Muhammad Shafiq Oct’00 – Oct’02
• Maj Gen (R) Sabihuddin Bokhari

• Ambassador to North Korea
• Maj Gen (R) Fazal Ghafoor ?? – 2000
• Maj Gen (R) Sultan Habib 2000 – Oct’03

• Ambassador to Morocco
• Maj Gen (R) Shujaat Ali Khan ?? – Sep’03

• Ambassador to Sri Lanka
• AVM (R) Shahzad Aslam Chaudhry Aug’06 – 2008

Heads of Sports Organizations

• Chairman Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB)
• Lt Gen Tauqir Zia Dec’99 – Dec’03

• President Pakistan Hockey Federation (PHF)
• Lt Gen (later General) Aziz Khan Jul’00 – Jan’05

• President Pakistan Olympic Association (POA)
• Lt Gen Syed Arif Hassan Mar’04 – present

• Chairman Pakistan Sports Trust (PST)
• Lt Gen Syed Arif Hassan May’05 – present